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Matthew Henry |
S E C O N D C H R O N I C L E S
CHAP. IX.
Solomon here continues to appear great both at home and abroad. We had
this account of his grandeur,
Nothing is here added; but his defection towards his latter end, which
we have there
(ch. xi.),
is here omitted, and the close of this chapter brings him to the grave
with an unstained reputation. Perhaps none of the chapters in the
Chronicles agree so much with a chapter in the Kings as this does with
verse for verse, only that the
are put into one here, and
here is taken from
and the
here from
Here is,
I. The honour which the queen of Sheba did to Solomon, in the visit she
made him to hear his wisdom,
II. Many instances given of the riches and splendour of Solomon’s
court,
III. The conclusion of his reign,
| The Queen of Sheba Visit Solomon. | B. C. 992. |
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1 And when the queen of Sheba heard of the fame of Solomon, she
came to prove Solomon with hard questions at Jerusalem, with a
very great company, and camels that bare spices, and gold in
abundance, and precious stones: and when she was come to Solomon,
she communed with him of all that was in her heart.
2 And Solomon told her all her questions: and there was nothing
hid from Solomon which he told her not.
3 And when the queen of Sheba had seen the wisdom of Solomon,
and the house that he had built,
4 And the meat of his table, and the sitting of his servants,
and the attendance of his ministers, and their apparel; his
cupbearers also, and their apparel; and his ascent by which he
went up into the house of the LORD; there was no more spirit in
her.
5 And she said to the king, It was a true report which I
heard in mine own land of thine acts, and of thy wisdom:
6 Howbeit I believed not their words, until I came, and mine
eyes had seen it: and, behold, the one half of the greatness of
thy wisdom was not told me: for thou exceedest the fame that I
heard.
7 Happy are thy men, and happy are these thy servants,
which stand continually before thee, and hear thy wisdom.
8 Blessed be the LORD thy God, which delighted in thee to set
thee on his throne, to be king for the LORD thy God: because
thy God loved Israel, to establish them for ever, therefore made
he thee king over them, to do judgment and justice.
9 And she gave the king a hundred and twenty talents of gold,
and of spices great abundance, and precious stones: neither was
there any such spice as the queen of Sheba gave king Solomon.
10 And the servants also of Huram, and the servants of Solomon,
which brought gold from Ophir, brought algum trees and precious
stones.
11 And the king made of the algum trees terraces to the house
of the LORD, and to the king’s palace, and harps and psalteries
for singers: and there were none such seen before in the land of
Judah.
12 And king Solomon gave to the queen of Sheba all her desire,
whatsoever she asked, beside that which she had brought unto
the king. So she turned, and went away to her own land, she and
her servants.
This passage of story had been largely considered in the Kings; yet,
because our Saviour has proposed it as an example to us in our
enquiries after him
we must not pass it over without observing briefly,
1. Those who honour God he will honour,
1 Sam. ii. 30.
Solomon had greatly honoured God, in building, beautifying, and
dedicating the temple; all his wisdom and all his wealth were employed
for the making of that a consummate piece: and now God made his wisdom
and wealth to redound greatly to his reputation. The way to have both
the credit and comfort of all our endowments and all our enjoyments is
to consecrate them to God and use them for him.
2. Those who know the worth of true wisdom will grudge no pains nor
cost to obtain it. The queen of Sheba put herself to a great deal of
trouble and expense to hear the wisdom of Solomon; and yet, learning
from him to serve God and do her duty, she thought herself well paid
for her pains. Heavenly wisdom is that pearl of great price
which is a good bargain to purchase by parting with all that we have.
3. As every man has received the gift so he ought to minister the same
for the edification of others, as he has opportunity. Solomon was
communicative of his wisdom and willing to teach others what he knew
himself. Being taught of God, freely he had received, and freely he
gave. Let those that are rich in wisdom, as well as wealth, learn to
do good and be ready to distribute. Give to every one that
asketh.
4. Good order in a family, a great family, especially in the things of
God, and a regular discharge of the duties of religious worship, are
highly expedient, and to be much admired wherever found. The queen of
Sheba was exceedingly affected to see the propriety with which
Solomon’s servants attended him and with which both he and they
attended in the house of God. David’s ascent to the house of the Lord
was also pleasant and interesting,
5. Those are happy who have the opportunity of a constant converse with
such as are knowing, wise, and good. The queen of Sheba thought
Solomon’s servants happy who continually heard his wisdom; for,
it seems, even to them he was communicative. And it is observable that
the posterity of those who had places in his court were willing to have
the names of their ancestors forgotten, and thought themselves
sufficiently distinguished and dignified when they were called the
children of Solomon’s servants
so eminent were they that it was honour enough to be named from them.
6. We ought to rejoice and give God thanks for the gifts, graces, and
usefulness, of others. The queen of Sheba blessed God for the honour he
put upon Solomon, and the favour he did to Israel, in advancing him to
the throne,
v. 8.
By giving God the praise of the prosperity of others, we share in the
comfort of it; whereas, by envying the prosperity of others, we lose
the comfort even of our own. The happiness of both king and kingdom
she traces up to the fountain of all bliss, the divine favour: it was
because thy God delighted in thee and because he loved
Israel. Those mercies are doubly sweet in which we can taste the
kindness and good will of God as our God.
7. It becomes those that are wise and good to be generous according to
their place and power. The queen of Sheba was so to Solomon, Solomon
was so to her,
They both knew how to value wisdom, and therefore were neither of them
covetous of their money, but cultivated the acquaintance and confirmed
the friendship they had contracted by mutual presents. Our Lord Jesus
has promised to give us all our desire: Ask, and it shall be given
you. Let us study what we shall render to him, and not think any
thing too much to do, or suffer, or part with, for him.
| The Magnificence of Solomon; the Death of Solomon. | B. C. 975. |
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13 Now the weight of gold that came to Solomon in one year was
six hundred and threescore and six talents of gold;
14 Beside that which chapmen and merchants brought. And all
the kings of Arabia and governors of the country brought gold and
silver to Solomon.
15 And king Solomon made two hundred targets of beaten gold:
six hundred shekels of beaten gold went to one target.
16 And three hundred shields made he of beaten gold: three
hundred shekels of gold went to one shield. And the king put
them in the house of the forest of Lebanon.
17 Moreover the king made a great throne of ivory, and overlaid
it with pure gold.
18 And there were six steps to the throne, with a footstool
of gold, which were fastened to the throne, and stays on each
side of the sitting place, and two lions standing by the stays:
19 And twelve lions stood there on the one side and on the
other upon the six steps. There was not the like made in any
kingdom.
20 And all the drinking vessels of king Solomon were of gold,
and all the vessels of the house of the forest of Lebanon were
of pure gold: none were of silver; it was not any thing
accounted of in the days of Solomon.
21 For the king’s ships went to Tarshish with the servants of
Huram: every three years once came the ships of Tarshish bringing
gold, and silver, ivory, and apes, and peacocks.
22 And king Solomon passed all the kings of the earth in riches
and wisdom.
23 And all the kings of the earth sought the presence of
Solomon, to hear his wisdom, that God had put in his heart.
24 And they brought every man his present, vessels of silver,
and vessels of gold, and raiment, harness, and spices, horses,
and mules, a rate year by year.
25 And Solomon had four thousand stalls for horses and
chariots, and twelve thousand horsemen; whom he bestowed in the
chariot cities, and with the king at Jerusalem.
26 And he reigned over all the kings from the river even unto
the land of the Philistines, and to the border of Egypt.
27 And the king made silver in Jerusalem as stones, and cedar
trees made he as the sycamore trees that are in the low plains
in abundance.
28 And they brought unto Solomon horses out of Egypt, and out
of all lands.
29 Now the rest of the acts of Solomon, first and last, are
they not written in the book of Nathan the prophet, and in the
prophecy of Ahijah the Shilonite, and in the visions of Iddo the
seer against Jeroboam the son of Nebat?
30 And Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel forty
years.
31 And Solomon slept with his fathers, and he was buried in the
city of David his father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his
stead.
We have here Solomon in his throne, and Solomon in his grave; for the
throne would not secure him from the grave. Mors sceptra ligonibus
aequat—Death wrenches from the hand the sceptre as well as the
spade.
I. Here is Solomon reigning in wealth and power, in ease and fulness,
such as, for aught I know, could never since be paralleled by any king
whatsoever. In cannot pretend to be critical in comparing the grandeur
of Solomon with that of some of the great princes of the earth. But I
may observe that the most illustrious of them were famed for their
wars, whereas Solomon reigned forty years in profound peace. Some of
those that might be thought to vie with Solomon affected retirement,
kept people in awe by keeping them at a great distance; nobody must see
them, or come near him, upon pain of death: but Solomon went much
abroad, and appeared in public business. So that, all things
considered, the promise was fulfilled, that God would give him riches,
and wealth, and honour, such as no kings have had, or shall
have,
ch. i. 12.
1. Never any prince appeared in public with great splendour than
Solomon did, which to those that judge by the sight of the eye, as most
people do, would very much recommend him. He had 200 targets and 300
shields, all of beaten gold, carried before him
(v. 15, 16),
and sat upon a most stately throne,
There was not the like in any kingdom. The lustre wherein he
appeared was typical of the spiritual glory of the kingdom of the
Messiah and but a faint representation of his throne, which is above
every throne. Solomon’s pomp was all artificial; and therefore our
Saviour prefers the natural beauty of the lilies of the field
before it.
Solomon, in all his glory, was not arrayed like one of these.
2. Never any prince had greater plenty of gold and silver, though
there were no gold or silver mines in his own kingdom. Either he made
himself master of the mines in other countries, and, having a populous
country, sent hands to dig out those rich metals, or, having a fruitful
country, he exported the commodities of it and with them fetched home
all this gold that is here spoken of,
3. Never any prince had such presents brought him by all his neighbours
as Solomon had: All the kings of Arabia, and governors of the
country, brought him gold and silver
(v. 14),
not as tribute which he extorted from them, but as freewill offerings
to procure his favour, or in a way of exchange for some of the
productions of his husbandry, corn or cattle. All the kings of the
earth brought him presents, that is, all in those parts of the world
(v. 24, 28),
because they coveted his acquaintance and friendship. Herein he was a
type of Christ, to whom, as soon as he was born, the wise men of the
east brought presents, gold, frankincense, and myrrh
(Matt. ii. 11),
and to whom all that are about him must bring presents,
4. Never any prince was so renowned for wisdom, so courted, so
consulted, so admired
(v. 23):
The kings of the earth (for it was too great a favour for common
persons to pretend to) sought to hear his wisdom–his natural
philosophy, or his skill in physic, or his state policy, or his rules
of prudence for the conduct of human life, or perhaps the principles of
his religion, and the reasons of it. The application which they then
made to Solomon to hear his wisdom will aggravate, shame, and condemn,
men’s general contempt of Christ and his gospel. Though in them are
hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge, yet none of the
princes of this world desire to know them, for they are foolishness
to them,
II. Here is Solomon dying, stripped of his pomp, and leaving all his
wealth and power, not to one concerning whom he knew not whether he
would be a wise man or a fool
but who he knew would be a fool. This was not only vanity but vexation
of spirit,
It is very observable that no mention is here made of Solomon’s
departure from God in his latter days, not the least hint given of it,
1. Because the Holy Ghost would teach us not to take delight in
repeating the faults and follies of others. If those that have been in
reputation for wisdom and honour misbehave, though it may be of use to
take notice of their misconduct for warning to ourselves and others,
yet we must not be forward to mention it, once the speaking of it is
enough; why should that unpleasing string be again struck upon? Why can
we not do as the sacred historian here does, speak largely of that in
others which is praise-worthy, without saying any thing of their
blemishes, yea, though they have been gross and obvious? This is but
doing as we would be done by.
2. Because, though he fell, yet he was not utterly cast down. His sin
is not again recorded, because it was repented of, and pardoned, and
became as if it had never been. Scripture-silence sometimes speaks. I
am willing to believe that its silence here concerning the sin of
Solomon is an intimation that none of the sins he committed were
mentioned against him,
When God pardons sin he casts it behind his back and remembers it no
more.
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